Abstract
Bio-load of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) was estimated in the first mass screening of human population in Mathura region of South Uttar Pradesh. 48,919 samples were collected between December, 2010 and March, 2013 from Pathology laboratories, 26,390 were screened by indigenous ELISA kit, IS900 blood and stool PCR, IS1311 PCR_RE and stool microscopy. From 23,196 serum samples screened by indigenous ELISA, 34.0% were positive for MAP infection (Mathura -35.4% and Agra 14.2%). Percent prevalence of MAP infection was 28.3, 41.8, 37.4, 29.5, 41.1, 40.7, 42.5, 36.5 and 51.2 in patients suspected for diabetes, liver disorders, anaemia, thyroid, tuberculosis, typhoid, abdominal disorders, inflammatory illness and ion imbalance, respectively. 3093 blood samples screened by IS900 PCR, 8.4% were positive (Mathura - 9.2% and Agra -7.9%). Percent prevalence of MAP was 4.8, 7.0, 20.0, 4.9, 17.8, 7.6 and 12.7 in patients suspected for diabetic, liver disorder, skin disorders, anaemia, Malaria, typhoid and apparently normal individuals, respectively. 101 stool samples screened by microscopy, 5.9% were positive and of these 2.9% were confirmed by IS900 PCR. IS1311 PCR_RE bio-typing showed ‘Indian Bison Type’ was the most prevalent biotype. The study indicated large scale exposure of human population to MAP in the Mathura region of South Uttar Pradesh and ‘Indian Bison Type’ biotype was most prevalent. Key words: Blood PCR, bio-load, Crohn’s disease, Indian bison type, indigenous ELISA, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis.
Highlights
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) cause chronic inflammation of intestines in animals and human beings
Serum samples were screened by „Indigenous ELISA kit‟ standardized for the screening of human samples using soluble protoplasmic antigen (PPA) prepared from the novel native „Indian Bison type‟ biotype of MAP strain „S 5‟ isolated from a terminal case of Johne‟s disease (JD) in a Jamunapari goat at CIRG (Sevilla et al, 2005)
Of the various suspected non-infectious and infectious pathological conditions for which the serum samples were submitted, 28.3, 41.8, 37.4, 29.5, 41.1, 40.7, 42.5, 36.5 and 51.2% were positive for MAP infection from the cases of diabetes, liver disorder, anemia, thyroid disorders, tuberculosis, typhoid, abdominal disorders, inflammatory illness, ion imbalance, respectively (Table 4A and 4B)
Summary
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) cause chronic inflammation of intestines in animals and human beings. MAP survives wide range of environmental conditions (pasteurization temperature, low pH, and high salt concentration, etc). This superior survival efficiency and dormancy allows pathogen to be more insidious in humans (Whittington et al, 2005). MAP has been recovered from pasteurized milk (Grant et al, 2002; Millar et al, 1996; Ellingson et al, 2005), infant formula made from pasteurized milk (Hruska et al, 2005), surface water, soil (Hruska et al, 2005; Whan et al, 2005), cow manure „„lagoons‟‟ that leach into surface water and municipal tap water (Collins et al, 2003), providing multiple routes of transmission to human population. Cow manure in solid and liquid forms is applied as fertilizer in agricultural land (Grewal et al, 2006; Gill et al, 2011)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
