Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death in female genital malignancies. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV is closely related to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Wide-scale HPV screening has already been implemented in developed countries. However, with advances in HPV testing methods, there are presently no better methods for the management of the increasing number of high-risk HPV-positive women except for periodic review. In order to improve screening coverage and achieve better triage of those women, we present current HPV testing methods with self-collected cervical samples, focusing on recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies as a promising screening technology for cervical cancer precursors.
Highlights
Most of HPV infections are transient, while few persist and eventually induce carcinogenesis [1]
Cytology combined with HPV testing is the primary screening method for cervical cancer
Due to the high sensitivity of cervical cancer precursors, primary high-risk HPV screening alone was recommended as an alternative to the current screening method in 2015
Summary
Most of HPV infections are transient, while few persist and eventually induce carcinogenesis [1]. Cytology combined with HPV testing is the primary screening method for cervical cancer. Many countries are struggling with nonorganized cervical cancer screening programs with very low coverage of the targeted screening population [2] Taking these barriers into consideration, self-collected sampling has been shown to facilitate access to cervical screening without extensive infrastructure and is suitable for HPV testing, which could enable good coverage and achieve good attendance. Due to the high sensitivity of cervical cancer precursors, primary high-risk HPV screening alone was recommended as an alternative to the current screening method in 2015. This alternative may lead to early detection and improve the quality of patients’ life. We describe HPV-based screening methods and NGS technologies for the early detection of CIN
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