Screening In Vitro Targets Related to Diabetes in Herbal Extracts from Peru: Identification of Active Compounds in Hypericum laricifolium Juss. by Offline High-Performance Liquid Chromatography.

Yanymee Guillen Quispe,Seung Hwang,Soon Lim,Guanglei Zuo,Zhiqiang Wang

doi:10.3390/ijms18122512

Yanymee Guillen Quispe, Seung Hwang + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18122512

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Abstract

This study investigates in vitro targets related to diabetes in 30 herbal extracts from Peru, for the first time, using α-glucosidase, aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory assays and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging assays. Among the 30 herbal extracts, Hypericum laricifolium Juss. (HL) was the herb which showed more than 50% inhibition in all assays, presenting 97.2 ± 2.0%, 56.9 ± 5.6%, 81.9 ± 2.5%, and 58.8 ± 4.6% inhibition for the α-glucosidase, AR, DPPH, and ABTS assays, respectively. Finally, six bioactive compounds, namely, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, kaempferol 3-O-glucuronide, quercetin, and kaempferol were identified in HL by offline high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Quercetin exhibited the strongest inhibition in all enzyme assays and the strongest antioxidant activity. The results suggest that HL shows great potential for the complementary treatment of diabetes and its complications.

Highlights

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of diabetes continues to increase at an alarming rate
An assortment of plant parts including leaves, aerial parts, seeds, and roots were used in the extraction of 30 plants obtained from a popular market in Lima. α-Glucosidase and aldose reductase (AR) inhibition and the antioxidant activity of the 30 Peruvian herbal extracts were investigated (Table 1)
Α-glucosidase, AR, and antioxidant test screening of 30 Peruvian herbal extracts illustrated that Hypericum laricifolium Juss. (HL) exhibited the greatest activity in all assays

Summary

Introduction

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of diabetes continues to increase at an alarming rate. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of chronic metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. This condition is caused by the reduction of insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance and is considered as the primary factor for the pathogenesis of long-term diabetic complications [2]. Oxidative stress causes an imbalance between the free-radical-generating and free-radical-scavenging capacities This imbalance is mainly responsible for the auto-oxidation of glucose in DM and its complications. Α-glucosidase and AR inhibitors and strong antioxidants may be useful tools to decrease postprandial blood glucose and insulin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes, prevent the polyol pathway, and ameliorate oxidative stress, respectively [4,9]

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Conclusion