SC-MCHMP: Score-Based Cluster Level Hybrid Multi-Channel MAC Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network

Abstract

The potential applications of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) include smart spaces, environment examining, robotic study, and medical systems. Efficient energy is considered when designing the WSN. Because of data transmission from sensor nodes, the collision occurs in WSNs and the traffic is higher at SINK node, owing to the excess data transmission at the sensor nodes. The MAC (Medium Access Control) mechanism manages the important division of resource consumption. The single channel initiates data transmission using WSNs in existing MAC protocols. Also, the unexpected variation in the quality of the link, in addition to the status of the node, is caused by the deployment of WSN within the severe atmospheres. As a result of the changes in the status of the node and the quality of the link, a change occurs in end-to-end delay of every sensor node. However, constrained energy is used to supply the sensor nodes, and it is used to extend the lifetime of the network. A new and simple routing mechanism called Scorebased Cluster-Level Multichannel Hybrid MAC Protocol (SC-MCHMP) is proposed here for dealing with these issues. This mechanism utilizes a multichannel MAC procedure consisting of TDMA activity (Time Division Multiple Access) for sequencing nodes and FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access) for collision-free exchange, and CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) for data transmission. This method minimizes energy consumption, reduces the nodes’ overhead, and achieves the collision-free transmission. The method to calculate the score and the score-based route selection increases the network lifetime and improves the network performance.