Abstract
Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol is one of the key network protocols that ensure Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) maintain high performance during communication. MAC protocol design plays an important role in improving the performances of the whole network. First, Wireless Passive Sensor Networks (WPSNs) and MAC protocols are introduced in this paper. Second, some existing MAC protocols are introduced. Sensor MAC (S-MAC) protocol is analyzed and existing improved backoff algorithms are introduced. A new MAC protocol called Improved Sensor MAC (IS-MAC) is then proposed to solve the problem that the contention window (CW) during carrier sense is fixed in S-MAC protocol. IS-MAC protocol is able to adjust CW in terms of network load, so energy consumption can be decreased. Finally, according to the simulation results on NS2, the proposed protocol has better performance in terms of throughput and energy consumption.
Highlights
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a kind of multi-hop ad-hoc network and are composed of large amounts of tiny and low-cost sensor nodes
This paper presented an energy efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol called the Improved Sensor MAC (IS-MAC) protocol based on dynamically changing the contention window
The discrete backoff algorithm is adopted in S-MAC protocol and it is adopted in IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol as well [11]
Summary
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a kind of multi-hop ad-hoc network and are composed of large amounts of tiny and low-cost sensor nodes. MAC protocols for WPSNs only need to consider saving energy and do not need to consider delay, throughput, or other parameters This is the difference in the design of MAC protocols for WPSNs. The four main sources of energy consumption in the MAC layer are idle listening, data collision, overhearing, and control overhead. This paper presented an energy efficient MAC protocol called the Improved Sensor MAC (IS-MAC) protocol based on dynamically changing the contention window. It compares the IS-MAC protocol, the Sensor MAC (S-MAC) protocol, and the IEEE 802.11 protocol using the NS2 simulator from two aspects of energy consumption and throughput.
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