Scientific Historical and Archeological Discoveries as an Updating Factor of Teaching the History of Central Asia in the Institutes of Higher Education of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Abstract The article deals with actual issues of the history of Central Asia. In the development of scientific concepts in this article, one thing in common can be defined: was there a civilization in the steppes of Eurasia and if there is a need to accept the nomadic world as part of the civilization of the Eurasian steppes? Recently, among the scientists of the former Soviet Union a new methodological approach has been developed which is radically different from the Soviet historiography to the study of the history of a distinctive culture of the Saka tribes. The given tribes were, more or less, strong unified, as a very harmonious coexistence (prototype of the government), and a special attention is paid to the implementation of scientific materials of unique archaeological discoveries and written texts, considered as artifacts of material culture of the Saka tribes. These facts enable the emergence of new scientific development. At the present an Ethnic History of the Saks Based on such scientific concepts, is stated as the story of Turks (prototype of Turks). At present, along with this issue, the most vulnerable subject, requiring a proper attention from historians, is refutation of established ideological concepts of the Soviet era on the Mongol-Tatar invasion. Increasingly, scientists from Central Asia are wondering whether to call the campaign the Mongol-Tatar as invasion, where also the problem of irrigation system development, as the distinctive sign of prospering culture of the settlement is considered? In answering these questions, in the history of Central Asia, a new vision of the historical events that gave rise to a new understanding of history teaching, was formed. The above- mentioned concepts, as well as the accession of Kazakhstan to the Bologna process has given a new impetus to the improvement of the content of education and training standards in higher education in Kazakhstan.