Abstract
The article highlights the environmental problems of land use, its rationalization; optimal use of agricultural lands, in particular, arable lands; a modern interpretation of the content of rational use of agricultural lands. Environmental and economic aspects of this problem are considered. The information data necessary for the decision of this problem are given, namely indicators of natural-agricultural zoning, regional ecological and economic features of manufacture of the basic production of agriculture, indicators of properties and quality of soils and agrobiological requirements of the main crops to natural, primarily soil, environment, indicators of yields of these crops and data on production costs and revenues. The organization of ecologically safe land use is recommended in three stages. The first stage consists of allocating areas growing certain crops in Ukraine, that agroecological interpretation materials natural and agricultural zoning to study the environmental conditions of production agriculture. If the growing zones of certain crops have specific, inherent only in each of them, geographical areas, then it is determined where and which crops in terms of natural conditions should be located. The second stage of identifying the ecological and economic features of the production of basic agricultural products based on data on natural conditions, especially soil, is to determine the suitability of land for the area within the growing zones. The third stage of the organization of ecologically safe land use is to determine according to the data on the suitability of soils of the territory with optimal conditions for growing the crop, i.e. where the best and with the highest assessment of soils prevail. The growing zone can have at least three such agronomic regions (districts) — with the best, average, and worst conditions. In modern conditions, when prices of goods forming market relations, accounting for differences in land productivity as a productive resource becomes a necessary objective condition for the profitable and ecologically safe existence of agriculture.
Highlights
In modern conditions of maturing ecological crisis ecologically safe use of agricultural lands should be considered as the primary basis of development of society as a whole
Agricultural lands make up 69.3% of the entire territory of Ukraine, arable land in their composition — 75.5%
These data confirm the importance of the rational use of agricultural land, arable land
Summary
In modern conditions of maturing ecological crisis ecologically safe use of agricultural lands should be considered as the primary basis of development of society as a whole. It corresponds to the essence of the concept, which contains, first of all, ecological and economic features of farming production In this case, the rational use of agricultural land, especially arable land, can be considered as one in which a scientifically sound economic effect of society is achieved and the improvement of the environment and land as one of its main components. Certain that it can be solved by modeling the future ecologically balanced natural environment, ie the ecosphere, and the economic security that is needed to achieve ecological balance and the main goal: produce agricultural products, necessary for society in terms of range, quality, and quantity In this case, first of all, solve a set of questions to improve the location of agricultural about the natural features of the regions of Ukraine and the organization of ecologically safe use of agricultural lands, and develop and implement a mechanism of economic incentives for ecologically safe land use. Analysis of recent research and publications on the organization of ecologically safe land use shows deficits in the institutional provision, formation, and development of ecologically safe land use, especially at the regionals level
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