Schwinger effect from near-extremal black holes in (A)dS space

Chiang-Mei Chen,Sang Pyo Kim

doi:10.1103/physrevd.101.085014

Abstract

We study the Schwinger effect in near-extremal Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m (RN) black holes with electric and/or magnetic charges in the (Anti-) de Sitter (AdS) space. The formula for the Schwinger effect takes a universal form for near-extremal black holes with the near-horizon geometry of ${\rm AdS}_2 \times S^2$ and with the proper radii for the ${\rm AdS}_2$ space and the two-sphere $S^2$, regardless of the asymptotically flat or (A)dS space. The asymptotic AdS boundary enhances and the dS boundary suppresses the Schwinger effect and the small radius of the AdS (dS) space reinforces the enhancement and suppression.

Highlights

Quantum fluctuations spontaneously create particle pairs from the vacuum unless there exists an external mechanism preventing annihilation of pairs
We study the effect of the asymptotic (A)dS boundary on Schwinger pair production inextremal RN black holes
The charge emission via Hawking radiation is given by the Hawking temperature with chemical potentials for electric and magnetic charges, which is intertangled with the Schwinger term

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Quantum fluctuations spontaneously create particle pairs from the vacuum unless there exists an external mechanism preventing annihilation of pairs. The Hawking radiation and Schwinger effect both act as the emission channels of charged pairs from charged black holes. Though the Hawking radiation from (near-) extremal black holes is exponentially suppressed due to vanishing Hawking temperature, the Schwinger mechanism triggers the emission of charges. The Schwinger fermion production has been studied for charged black holes in (A)dS space [9,10,11]. The Schwinger effect from (near-)extremal RN and dyonic RN black holes in (anti-)de Sitter space is interesting theoretically and cosmologically since the asymptotic (A)dS boundary affects the near-horizon geometry of (near-)extremal black holes [17]. We study the effect of the asymptotic (A)dS boundary on Schwinger pair production in (near-)extremal RN black holes. The formula for the mean number for pair production has a universal structure in terms of the effective temperature for charge

Published by the American Physical Society

Pðcos θ

The solution separates into the angular and the radial parts

CONCLUSION