School youth and sexuality: between paths and mishaps for sex education in the Brazilian school context

Abstract

Purpose: This article aims to analyze whether and how Brazilian school youths have access to the topic of sexuality, seeking to identify the main approaches adopted and difficulties with regard to sex education. Research Methods/Approach: A qualitative approach was chosen, grounded in a bibliographic review with a descriptive-exploratory character. For data analysis, the content analysis technique was used, involving data coding and categorization process. The research results were presented in the form of a narrative synthesis. Findings: It was observed that school youths have different ways of accessing and discussing sexuality. In some studies, young people are presented as active subjects in the construction of their knowledge on the subject and the school is seen as an important space for dialogue and the exchange of information. Conversely, other studies indicate that youths often encounter challenges in openly and candidly addressing sexuality, whether due to lack of opportunities within schools or due to cultural and religious factors. Implications: The examined studies underline the necessity of adopting a comprehensive and integrated approach to sexual education, encompassing not only biological and physiological aspects but also cultural, social, and emotional dimensions. The importance of promoting sex education that respects gender diversity and sexual orientation is also highlighted. It was also possible to identify some factors that influence the approach to sexuality at school, such as teacher training and the cultural values ​​present in the society in which the school is inserted.