Schemes in thinking and the Creative Process

Abstract

The article considers the role of schemes (especially visual – visual) in thinking and its research: illustration of situations, problems, correlation of concepts; use of non-standard tasks in the process of creative solution; research of certain types of schemes themselves as manifestations of some features of creative thinking. The understanding of schematism of productive creative thinking, started by I. Kant, was realized in the beginning of the XX century in a number of philosophical-theoretical and pedagogical approaches that address either their heuristic or didactic – constructive role. Special attention is paid to V. E. Steinberg's multidimensional didactic technology a number of initial aspects that were developed with the active participation of the author of the article. The method of constructing a scheme of coordinates of existence and action that not only gives a picture of the existence of a certain "subject" of consideration or field of activity, a certain social subject in a certain direction; but also revealing in their very structure the deep structures of creative thinking, hidden in the unconscious layers of the creative act: superconsciousness (as part of the frame), integral (realized in the space of many coordinates – "dimensions") thinking, dialectical synthesis of heterogeneous (incompatible, opposite).