Abstract
Energy aware scheduling and reliability are both very critical for real-time cyber-physical system design. However, it has been shown that the transient faults of a system will increase when the processor runs at reduced speed to save energy consumption. In this paper, we study total energy and reliability scheduling co-design problem for real-time cyber-physical systems. Total energy refers the sum of static and dynamic energy. Our goal is to minimize total energy while guaranteeing reliability constraints. We approach the problem from two directions based on the two different ways of guaranteeing the reliability of the tasks. The first approach aims at guaranteeing reliability at least as high as that of without speed scaling by reserving recovery job for each scaled down task. Heuristics have been used to guide the speed scaling and shutdown techniques that are used to lower total energy consumption while guaranteeing the reliability. The second way to guarantee the reliability of the tasks is to satisfy a known minimum reliability constraint for the tasks. The minimum reliable speed guarantees the reliability level of tasks, and is used as a constraint in the energy minimization problem. Both static and dynamic co-design methods are explored. Experimental results show that our methods are effective.
Highlights
With the advance of engineering and networking technology, many devices are connected into a network or with the Internet
We study scheduling methods in CyberPhysical Systems (CPS) systems that take both energy consumption and system reliability into account
1) SUF-DL: THE LEAKAGE CONTROL DYNAMIC ALGORITHM we describe SUF-DL which uses the slack-reclaim technique with SUF-L to exploit the run-time variations in task execution for further total energy saving
Summary
With the advance of engineering and networking technology, many devices are connected into a network or with the Internet. A cyber-physical system is strongly coupled with physical systems, functioning as sensor based systems, on-line monitoring systems, or on-line controlling systems. A cyber-physical system can be found in diverse areas such as automotive, aerospace, health care, transportation, building and process control, entertainment etc. There are challenges related to various aspects on designing Cyber-Physical Systems [11], [14], [18], [31]. We study scheduling methods in CPS systems that take both energy consumption and system reliability into account. Many Cyber-Physical Systems operate with limited energy supply. Reliability is of extreme importance in many of these CPS such as aerospace systems, transportation systems and medical monitoring systems [4], [41]
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