Abstract

The transition process has been accompanied by the emergence of numerous new countries seeking full independence, the most recent case being the separation between Montenegro and Serbia, as the former has adopted as its official currency the German mark, which has replaced the Yugoslav dinar, still circulating in Serbia. How has this change occurred? and what are the macroeconomic and institutional consequences of the disintegration of trade and currency ? After dealing with these questions, classical theories about customs unions and the optimum currency area are used to analyse this process. A recent development in the theory of monetary unions may better explain the present euro-isation of Montenegro. Accordingly, the adoption of an international currency by small countries strongly stimulates trade and growth.

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