Abstract
This article provides an overview of major theoretical concepts behind the process of European economic integration. At first, the classic theory of customs unions as formulated by Viner, Meade and others is explained taking also into account factor mobility in a customs union in the move towards a common market. The second part deals with the seminal contributions to monetary integration: the theory of optimum currency areas (OCA) referring to the work of Kenen, Mundell and McKinnon. Advanced approaches of OCA in the form of a broader cost-benefit-analysis in the context of political steps towards a monetary union in Europe and the potential for endogeneity of the OCA criteria are also discussed. Considerations on political economy aspects and fiscal federalism conclude the article.
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