Abstract
In this article we prove the optimal polynomial lower bound for the number of resonances of a surface with hyperbolic ends. We also give Weyl asymptotics for the relative scattering phase of such a surface. The proofs are based on trace formulae analogous to those of the Euclidean odd-dimensional scattering. The main technical ingredient is a new proof of the Poisson formula (Theorem 5.7) which is applicable in the Euclidean case as well. Our lower bound seems to be the first example of an optimal polynomial lower bound for the number of resonances holding for a general class of higher dimensional elliptic operators with no symmetries. The previous general lower bounds or asymptotics were either nonoptimal ([25], [58], [9]), one-dimensional or radial ([65], [67] and [54], [41]1) or they required some degeneracy of the
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