Abstract
Scallops are fan-shaped marine bivalves with high-protein tasty meat There are about 4000 species distributed from polar to tropical regions, from intertidal zone to sea bottom over 3000 m deep, but main economic species occur in shallow seas of the continental shelf (Brand, 1991). Chlamys farreri (Jones and Preston), Chlamys nobilis (Reeve), Amussium japonica (Gmelin), Patinopecten yessoensis (Japy), and Argopecten irradians Lamarck are important cultured species in China. Chlamys farreri which lives mainly in subtidal zone to depths of 70 m, and in sandy silt bottom with shell debris (Wang, 1983), is found only in the Huanghai (Yellow) Sea and the Bohai Sea, being very abundant in the coastal regions of Shandong and Liaoning provinces. Chlamys nobilis is found in coastal regions of Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan provinces in the South China Sea. It habitats from the subtidal zone to 110 m (Wang, 1983). In recent years, it has been transplanted to coastal regions in southern Fujian Province. Amussium japonicum lives on sandy bottom at 5-10 m depths and is a trial culture species in South China Sea coasts. Artificial culture of Argopecten irradians has developed into a flourishing industry in the coastal regions of Shandong, Liaoning, and Hebei provinces. Trial cultivation is underway in Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan provinces. An annual landing of 120 000–130 000 tons was reported in 1992. Patino-pecten yessoensis is now cultured in Shandong and Liaoning provinces.
Published Version
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