Scalable Synthesis of Micron Size Crystals of CH3NH3PbI3 at Room Temperature in Acetonitrile via Rapid Reactive Crystallization

Abstract

AbstractFrom application point of view, scalable, facile and rapid synthesis method for mass production of a homogeneous and phase pure CH3NH3PbI3 micron size crystal at the industry level is still highly required, although it has been claimed that the CH3NH3PbI3 crystals can be prepared by solution‐annealing the precursors at elevated temperature or prolonged reaction time. Herein, polycrystalline CH3NH3PbI3 micron size crystals can be prepared by reactive crystallization of PbI2 and CH3NH3I in a stoichiometric ratio at room temperature. TXM (Transmission X‐ray Microscopy), optical microscope, TEM and TEM‐EDX analysis were used to confirm the nature of the CH3NH3PbI3 product. Moreover, Ostwald ripening of iodide ion into PbI2 is proposed as the key step to form 3D PbI3−, followed by the intercalation of CH3NH3+ for this reactive crystallization. Interestingly, this result suggests that industry level mass production of micron CH3NH3PbI3 crystals is possible with this novel synthesis method.