Sativoside Mitigates High-Fat Diet-Induced Inflammation and Type-2 Diabetes in Adipose Tissue of Wistar Rats

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the impact of Stevioside, on the biochemical changes in high-fat diet-fed Wistar rats. Adult male Wistar rats were induced into a diabetic state through the administration of a high-fat diet and sucrose for 60 days, followed by oral administration of stevioside (20 mg/kg/day) for 45 days. Various parameters, including fasting blood glucose, oral glucose tolerance, insulin, insulin tolerance, liver function (ALT, AST, ALP), kidney function (urea and creatinine), and lipid profiles (TC, TG, FFA, HDL-c and LDL-c), serum adipokines levels such as adiponectin, leptin, resistin were assessed. Stevioside treatment notably improved glucose and insulin tolerances in diabetic rats and normalized their elevated levels of fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, and lipid profile. In the high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes rat model, Stevioside effectively restored the altered blood serum levels, demonstrating efficacy comparable to that of metformin. Therefore, Stevioside displays promise as a potential phytomedicine for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. Keywords: High-fat diet, Insulin tolerance, Type-2 diabetes, Stevia rebaudiana.