Abstract
An advanced technique for satellite imagery of lengthy coastlines with complex configuration using Earth remote sensing satellites equipped with optical-electronic scanners characterized by ultrahigh spatial resolution has been developed. It has been proposed to image coastal areas directly in the process of satellite retargeting (i.e., with non-zero angular velocities). The paper provides an assessment of comparative efficiency of the technique implemented using automatic satellite attitude program control in the process of retargeting, both in terms of improving the efficiency of satellite imagery, and in terms of coverage in one-orbit period. Approximate methods for lengthy objects with complex configuration using cubic splines are described. When planning such imagery, besides the standard set of parameters (lighting conditions, swath width, onboard equipment constraints, instrument errors, etc.), it is necessary to consider the limits for the angular region and angular velocities of retargeting types of imagery were modelled, as well as the features of imagery with significant deviations of the viewing axis from nadir. The results of modelling various types of imagery for a given area using measurement data of cloud amount are presented.
Highlights
Satellite imagery of coastlines is an important component in monitoring lake and sea shores, ocean coast, as well as adjacent coastal and marine areas, which is used to solve a wide range of scientific, applied and economic problems [1,2,3,4,5]
It is usually performed with the help of Earth remote sensing satellites equipped with optical-electronic scanners characterized by high spatial resolution, which swath width is much narrower than the area to be imaged [6]
If the coastline is not located in the direction of the satellite motion, imagery, as a rule, is performed in several non-adjacent orbits with a sufficiently large time interval between them. In this case the scanning direction coincides with the direction of the satellite motion, and imagery of the areas which are located away from the subsatellite track is performed in the roll orientation of the onboard instrument or the satellite itself before the imagery phase
Summary
Satellite imagery of coastlines is an important component in monitoring lake and sea shores, ocean coast, as well as adjacent coastal and marine areas, which is used to solve a wide range of scientific, applied and economic problems [1,2,3,4,5] It is usually performed with the help of Earth remote sensing satellites equipped with optical-electronic scanners characterized by high spatial resolution, which swath width is much narrower than the area to be imaged [6]. 2. Problem statement When using optical-electronic scanners characterized with high spatial resolution for satellite imagery of lengthy territories with complex configuration (borders, roads, rivers, coastlines, etc.) located away from the subsatellite track, a problem arises with a narrow (usually from 5 to 20 km) swath width of the scanner, which does not allow to take images of arbitrarily-spaced lengthy territories in one-orbit period. The input data for modeling are composed of: - the territory to be imaged is the southern coast of Crimea from Sevastopol to Feodosiya (about 160 km in length); - the type of satellite orbit - solar-synchronous, with about 700 km height; - the scanner swath width at nadir - 15 km
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