Abstract

The Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene confers an increased risk for developing nondiabetic kidney disease in people of African descent. Specifically, when more than one APOL1 risk allele (either the G1 or G2 allele) is present, the risk of developing HIV associated nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis or hypertension associated nephropathy is raised multiple fold. Recent evidence however has questioned the role of APOL1 risk variants in Black South African patients with hypertensive nephropathy.

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