Abstract
The article describes methodological aspects in defining the study population, sampling plan, and sample weigthing and calibration of effective sample of the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019). This population-based household survey assessed breastfeeding and dietary intake, anthropometric assessment of nutritional status, and micronutrient deficiencies by blood biomarkers in children under five years of age. The data were obtained with a probability sample, with stratification by the five geographic regions in the country and clustering by census enumeration areas (CEAs). The sample was calculated at 15,000 households distributed in 1,500 CEAs, with 300 allocated in each of Brazil's five major geographic regions and 10 eligible households per CEA, sampled using inverse sampling. The required population parameters were thus estimated to reach the study's objectives. The basic sampling design weights were calculated as the inverse probabilities of the households' inclusion in the study. Imputation was used to compensate for non-response to items in the target variables, except for data on the blood biomarkers. Finally, calibration used population totals of children in 60 post-strata, defined by cross-classification of the following variables: major geographic region, sex, and age. The final sample included 14,558 children residing in 12,524 households, distributed in 1,382 CEAs in the 26 states of Brazil and the Federal District. The data from the ENANI-2019 survey will support strategies for the promotion and implementation of public policies for children under five years of age.
Highlights
The Ministry of Health funded the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019)
ENANI-2019 is structured in three domains: assessment of breastfeeding and dietary intake; anthropometric assessment of nutritional status; and assessment of micronutrient deficiencies in children under five years of age, by major geographic region, sex, and age group
The data were obtained with a probabilistic household sample survey, with geographic stratification and clustering by census enumeration areas (CEAs), conducted with sampling methods such as those adopted by the official statistical institutes in their human population surveys 1
Summary
The Ministry of Health funded the Brazilian National Survey on Child Nutrition (ENANI-2019) (call for projects CNPq/MS/SCTIE/DECIT/SAS/DAB/CGAN n. 11/2017). The data were obtained with a probabilistic household sample survey, with geographic stratification and clustering by census enumeration areas (CEAs), conducted with sampling methods such as those adopted by the official statistical institutes in their human population surveys 1. This allowed the ENANI-2019 to reproducibly and scientifically estimate the required population parameters to reach its objectives. The study population for ENANI-2019 was defined as the set of children under five years of age residing in permanent private households throughout Brazil with at least one child under five years of age on the date of the survey interview. All residents were enrolled, and the study’s target data were recorded for all the resident children under five years of age
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