Abstract
Obesity represents a major challenge to the pharmaceutical community due to the minimal availability of anti-obesity drugs and drawbacks of current weight-loss agents. The study was designed to evaluate the use of sage oil as a potential anti-obesity agent via its effect on different physiological, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in rats. Rats were divided into two groups: one group was continued on a standard commercial rodent diet and served as the non-obese control. The other group was fed a high-fat diet for seven weeks to prepare an obese rat model. Then, the obese rats were divided into three groups; one group remained without treatment as positive control, the other two groups received 100 mg/kg orally of the sage oil for 10 or 20 days. The results of the present study showed that treatment with sage oil significantly decreased rats’ food intake, epididymal fat, and body weight, and improved their lipid profile levels; it also modulated the leptin resistance. This anti-obesity effect of sage oil was associated with the increased expression of adiponectin and decreased both of leptin and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP-1c) levels, and this effect may be mediated through AMPK activation. Additionally, the sage oil did not have any effects on the liver’s integrity, as was proven by the non-altered ALT levels.
Highlights
Obesity is a complex growing global health problem leading to chronic medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders and cancer
Table-1 illustrates that there was a reduction in the rats’ body weight and epididymal fat weight in sage oil treated groups. This reduction is associated with reduced food intake, and it may be influenced by the rats’ decreased appetite for food intake and this could be attributed to increased levels of lipolysis by the administration of sage oil
Sage oil significantly reduced the total cholesterol levels and increased the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in a time-dependent manner. This may be attributed to gene expression regulation, among those genes involved in lipid metabolism
Summary
Obesity is a complex growing global health problem leading to chronic medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders and cancer. Changes in the physiologic function of adipose tissue in obesity include insulin resistance, decreased level of adiponectin, and increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor, leptin and endogenous sex steroids (Bjornvad et al, 2014; Eglit et al, 2013 and Nagaraju et al, 2015). In addition to its role as an energy reservoir, modulates energy metabolism via secretion of circulating adipocytokines such as resistin, leptin and adiponectin that appear to be important in regulating insulin sensitivity. One of the main functions of adiponectin is its regulation of insulin sensitivity in our body It increases the sensitivity of the liver to insulin by reducing the amount of fatty acids taken up by the liver through upregulation of expression of fatty acid transport proteins, which transport triglycerides to the skeletal muscles (Abraham et al, 2017 and Stefan et al, 2002)
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