Abstract
A petroleum tank farm, usually known as an oil terminal is a common facility that stores flammable liquid. Tank farm has possible hazards to the people, environment and asset. Some of the hazards such as fire, static electricity, transportation etc. are accidents which occur at the oil terminals. Many industries are using different risk assessment methods to priorities hazards linked to their work activities. In this study, a new risk and safety analysis model, known as quantitative risk assessment (QRA) for tank farm was applied. QRA is an effective planning tool used in chemical processing plant, to help at forecasting the potential major accident occurrences, so that suitable mitigating and preventive measures can be implemented. QRA was conducted on a selected NNPCL Maiduguri depot tank farm with specified objectives. The three main objectives for this study are hazard identification, risk evaluation using qualitative and quantitative risk assessment by using the hazard and operability analysis, HAZOP and failure mode effect analysis (FMEA) methods. It was found that hazard occurrences were from various categories namely general management, hazardous chemical exposure and fire safety etc. In this research work, two scenarios was established and the estimated risks are associated to the petroleum tank farm activity such as leakage at dispenser area due to poor safeguarding systems, underground fuel leakage during unloading due to fittings failure and storage tank explosion due to high pressure. However, in summary, complete planning which combines all aspects are deemed necessary so that the impact of the associated risk from the operational, storage and maintenance of petroleum tank farm can be identified and minimized during the activities by working out the FMEA method sheet.
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