Safety and Efficacy of Minimally Invasive Stereotactic Aspiration with Multicatheter Insertion Compared with Conventional Craniotomy for Large Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (≥50 mL)

Abstract

Conventional craniotomy (CC) is generally favored for treating large intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), but the feasibility of minimally invasive stereotactic aspiration for large ICH is controversial. We investigated the efficacy and safety of stereotactic aspiration with multicatheter insertion (SAMCI) for large ICH (≥50 mL). In January 2014, we implemented SAMCI for large ICH. The inclusion criteria for SAMCI were as follows: 1) spontaneous supratentorial ICH, 2) ICH volume ≥50 mL, 3) Glasgow Coma Scale score ≥5, and 4) no bilateral fixed dilated pupils. Forty-seven patients who underwent SAMCI from January 2014 to July 2018 composed the SAMCI group, and 34 patients who underwent CC between January 2010 and December 2013 and retrospectively met the inclusion criteria for SAMCI composed the control group (CC group). The mean preoperative ICH volume in the SAMCI and CC groups was 73.1 ± 22.8 and 72.4 ± 21.5 mL, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups in baseline characteristics except for ICH location. The deep portion of the ICH was higher in the SAMCI group than in the CC group. Postoperative mortality and rebleeding rates were significantly lower in the SAMCI group than in the CC group (4.3% vs. 26.5% and 0% vs. 14.7%, respectively; P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that SAMCI contributed to a decrease in the mortality rate (odds ratio, 0.04; P= 0.008). SAMCI is a feasible therapeutic option for large ICH and has low complication rates.