Safe E-scooter operation alternative prioritization using a q-rung orthopair Fuzzy Einstein based WASPAS approach

Abstract

E-scooters globally have proven an increasingly popular form of dockless micro-mobility, while also contributing to sustainable urban transportation forms. However, some safety issues arise with e-scooter use in the cities. This study aims to propose a decision-making model based on q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets for prioritizing the safe e-scooter operation alternative. The proposed model consists of two stages: weighting the criteria and ranking the alternatives. First, a fuzzy logarithmic additive assessment of the weight coefficients methodology and fuzzy Einstein weighted averaging operator were applied to define the reference relationships between the criteria and determine their weights. Second, a q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets based decision-making model integrating q-rung orthopair fuzzy Einstein average and q-rung orthopair fuzzy Hamacher geometric mean operator was used to rank the alternatives. A fictional case study is presented to show the practicality of the proposed model. The contribution of the work is as a decision-support system for evaluating safe e-scooter strategies, including infrastructure placement, user behavior and how e-scooters interact with other transportation means, showing that applicability of the proposed model to real-world problems.