Abstract
AbstractScedosporium and Lomentospora species are ubiquitous saprophytic filamentous fungi that emerged as human pathogens with impressive multidrug-resistance profile. The ability to form biofilm over several biotic and abiotic surfaces is one of the characteristics that contributes to their resistance patterns against almost all currently available antifungals. Herein, we have demonstrated that Scedosporium apiospermum, Scedosporium minutisporum, Scedosporium aurantiacum and Lomentospora prolificans were able to form biofilm, in similar amounts, when conidial cells were incubated in a polystyrene substrate containing Sabouraud medium supplemented or not with different concentrations (2%, 5% and 10%) of glucose, fructose, sucrose and lactose. Likewise, the glucose supplementation of culture media primarily composed of amino acids (SCFM, synthetic cystic fibrosis medium) and salts (YNB, yeast nitrogen base) did not modulate the biofilm formation of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species. Collectively, the present data reinforce the ability of these opportunistic fungi to colonize and to build biofilm structures under different environmental conditions.
Highlights
Scedosporium and Lomentospora species are widely distributed filamentous fungi that emerged as etiologic agents of localized and disseminated diseases in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals
Initially, we analyzed the biofilm formation of Scedosporium/Lomentospora species when cultivated in Sabouraud, a classic culture medium for fungal studies, supplemented or not with different concentrations of monosaccharides and disaccharides
In all fungal species tested, no significant differences were observed regarding the biomass, cellular metabolic activity and production of extracellular matrix comparing the biofilm formed in the absence and presence of soluble carbohydrates, which was independent of the concentration used (Figs. 1 and 2)
Summary
Scedosporium and Lomentospora species are widely distributed filamentous fungi that emerged as etiologic agents of localized and disseminated diseases in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Fungal ball and mycetoma are usual clinical manifestations caused by these fungi, resembling a classical biofilm structure (Mello et al, 2019). Scedosporium and Lomentospora species form biofilm structures over different substrates, including polystyrene, glass, catheters and lung epithelial cells, which present a typical multidrug-resistance profile (Mello et al, 2016, 2018; Rollin-Pinheiro et al, 2017). Little is known about the environmental conditions that interfere with the biofilm formation in these fungi. In this respect, it is well-established that bacterial/yeast biofilms are influenced by available nutrients, carbohydrates (Jahid et al, 2013; Waldrop et al, 2014; Pereira et al, 2015)
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