Abstract
Introduction Diabetes Mellitus is associated with a higher incidence of neurobehavioral symptoms, fatigue and cognitive impairment. Thus we aimed to study and compare serum visfatin levels, cognitive functions, fatigue and body composition in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and healthy subjects. Methods Sixty-five participants (31 T2DM and 34 controls) from outpatient clinics were recruited in this observational case-control study. Clinical and demographic characteristics were measured for each participant and cognition was assessed by Stop Signal Task (SST) and Intra-Extra Dimensional Set Shift (IED) and Spatial Span (SSP) tests using Cambridge Neuropsychological Automated Battery (CANTAB). Blood samples were collected to measure visfatin and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Body composition was analyzed by Bio Impedance Analyzer (BIA). Results Cognitive impairments, in the form of longer reaction times and impaired spatial planning, were detected in T2DM. SST Stop Signal Reaction Time (SST SSRT) (p = 0.03), IED erros (p = 0.0412), SST Direction Errors on STOP and GO trials (p = 0.04) were significantly delayed in T2DM versus controls. The SSP length was significantly lower in T2DM indicating impaired working memory capacity (p = 0.02). In general linear model degree of glycemia was found to be independently predictive of impulse control. Visceral fat was also found to be significantly correlated with proportion of total IED errors (r = 0.333, p = 0.0412). Conclusion The results of this study show that T2DM patients have impaired cognitive functions in terms flexibility of impulse control, attention, and working memory capacity. Moreover, the degree of glycemia may be independently predictive of impulse control in these subjects.
Published Version
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