Abstract
Similar to ketamine, xenon gas acts as a glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, and produces promising anesthetic and neuroprotective effects. Herein, we formulated xenon gas into a liposomal carrier (15 μl/mg) called xenon-containing echogenic liposomes (Xe-liposome) for systemic delivery, and investigated its effect as an antidepressant studying synaptic biomarkers including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), protein kinase B (AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), protein kinase C (PKC) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) in blood and brain.
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