Abstract
S-Allylcysteine (SAC) and S-1-propenylcysteine (S1PC) are the characteristic sulfur-containing amino acids in aged garlic extract. In this study, we investigated the effect of SAC and S1PC on intestinal immunoglobulin (Ig)A production to gain insight into the immunomodulatory effect of aged garlic extract. Invitro study: Mouse splenic lymphocytes were treated with S1PC (0.1 and 0.3mM) or SAC (0.1 and 0.3mM) for 3d, and IgA concentration in the culture medium was examined. Invivo study: Mice were orally administrated S1PC (7.5, 15, and 30mg/kg) for 5d and the IgA level in the intestinal lavage fluids as well as the population of IgA-producing cells in Peyer's patches were measured using mouse IgA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay quantification set and flow cytometer, respectively. S1PC enhanced IgA production in mouse splenic lymphocytes in culture. However, SAC was ineffective. In addition, oral administration of S1PC to mice increased the IgA level and number of IgA-producing cells in Peyer's Patches. Furthermore, S1PC induced the expression of X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp1) mRNA, an inducer of plasma cell differentiation, in Peyer's patches. This induction was accompanied by the degradation of paired box protein 5 and the activation of mitogen activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathway. These results suggest that S1PC increases IgA-producing cells via the enhancement of Erk1/2-mediated Xbp1 expression in the intestine.
Published Version
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