Abstract
The authors explore the main trends and regional peculiarities of ethnic transformations during the post-Soviet period in the Russian and Estonian borderlands. Special emphasis is placed on the dynamics of the share of two dominant ethnic groups – Russians and Estonians. It is argued that the main trend of ethnic transformations is an increase of the share of the dominant ethnic groups in the structure of population. The almost Russian-speaking Ida-Viru county in Estonia is an exception, where together with a small growth in the share of Estonians, there was growth in the number of Russians. The authors analyse the dynamics of smaller Baltic-Finnic nations – Ingrians and Setus (Setos), living in the Russian border area with Estonia.
Highlights
The demise of the Soviet Union gave an impetus to massive ethnic transformations in the post-Soviet area
The growth of the dominant ethnic groups has already become a general trend in border territories, though it has not been strong in all parts of the Russian-Estonian border area
The results of our research confirmed the general trend of the transformation of the ethnic structure of the population in the border areas of Russia and Estonia in the post-Soviet period
Summary
The demise of the Soviet Union gave an impetus to massive ethnic transformations in the post-Soviet area. Demographic processes, especially migration, started to have a considerable impact on the pace of ethnic transformation (Khrushchev 2010). The formation of new state borders in the post-Soviet area resulted in changes in the ethnic structure of the population in border territories. The growth of the dominant ethnic groups has already become a general trend in border territories, though it has not been strong in all parts of the Russian-Estonian border area. The objective of this research is to determine the regional peculiarities of the ethnic and demographic processes taking place in the Russian and Estonian borderlands during the post-Soviet period. We have included ethnic statistics on Estonia for 2011 and 2016 in the research
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