Abstract
In 1991 and 1994, the Chinese central leadership launched two party campaigns directed, in particular, at the party branches in the countryside. As these two campaigns were lacking in ‘metaphysical imperative’ (Jowitt, 1983:286), and one came at the heels of the other, they failed to achieve the stated targets. Peasant solidarity is another factor that complicates the matter. Both cadres and peasants virtually ignored the call of the campaigns, and went their own way as before.
Published Version
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