RSM-CCD optimized microwave assisted synthesis of chitosan and sodium alginate based nanocomposite containing inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrin and amlodipine besylate for sustained drug delivery systems

Abstract

The aim of present work to prepare inclusion complexes of amlodipine besylate (APB) drug and β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) by microwave and kneading method for sustain release of drug. Microwave irradiation completes the process in very short time and is more environmentally benevolent method. The complexation of APB with β-CD was characterized by 1H NMR and XRD. A nanocomposite was synthesized by incorporating the graphene oxide (GO) in the polymer network of chitosan (CH) and sodium alginate (ALG) under microwave conditions. Poor loading of drugs in traditional drug delivery was improved by introducing inclusion complexes (ICs) directly into the nanocomposite. The operation parameters like ratio of backbones, time, amount of solvent, amount of graphene oxide and pH were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) in order to obtain maximum percentage swelling. From normal plot and pareto chart it was found that ratio of backbones, amount of GO and solvent are the optimized variables. Furthermore, to get most optimized variables central composite design (CCD) was analyzed. The ICs were directly loaded into the nanocomposite and their release kinetics was studied by six kinetic models under different pH at 37 °C. The preparatory kinetic analysis, acknowledge that the cyclodextrin affects the relaxation rate of nanocomposite, leading to slower release of drug.