RSM-CCD optimized in air synthesis of novel kappa-carrageenan/tamarind kernel powder hybrid polymer network incorporated with inclusion complex of (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin and adenosine for controlled drug delivery

Abstract

The present research reported in air synthesis and optimization of the natural polysaccharide-based hydrogel of kappa-carrageenan (KCG) and tamarind kernel powder (TKP) by using epichlorohydrin (ECH) as a crosslinker. Temperature, time, the ratio of backbones, amount of solvent, concentration of crosslinker, and pH were considered as process variables and optimized with Response surface methodology. The maximum percentage swelling was attained (1430%) under enhanced conditions such as temperature (30 °C), backbone ratio (KCG: TKP- 1:1), and amount of solvent (10 ml) in Central composite design. Improvement in traditional drug release could be achieved by encapsulating inclusion complexes (ICs) of adenosine with (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin synthesized by physical mixture and microwave method. The synthesized hydrogel and inclusions were characterized by FTIR, PXRD, FESEM, EDS, TGA, DSC, and NMR. Further in vitro release of adenosine under diverse conditions at 37 °C was studied. Peppas-Sahlin equation best fitted at pH 2, 7, and 7.4 for controlled release.