Abstract
The paper deals with special ion-optical matching sections called “rotators” for matching non-symmetric beams to rotating ion-therapy gantries. General matrix analysis of the problem is formulated resulting in a specific set of ion-optical constraints that must be fulfilled by the rotator transfer matrix. Possible ways of fitting these ion-optical constraints are discussed and illustrated by several examples of suitable rotator lattices. Each lattice is representing a different type of rotator, e.g. point-to-point imaging lattice or parallel-to-point imaging lattice. Optimization of the rotator lattice with respect to its total length is discussed, and the most compact solutions are presented as well.
Highlights
Modern proton and ion therapy facilities have an ambition to use the most advanced beam delivery techniques in order to achieve the best dose distribution in the patient body
Re-use and distribution is strictly not permitted, except for Open Access articles. It can be shown by performing the matrix multiplication in Eq (2) that the overall transfer matrix M becomes identical to the rotator matrix MROT
The rotator maps the beam parameters from the exit of the fixed beam line to the entrance of the gantry
Summary
Modern proton and ion therapy facilities have an ambition to use the most advanced beam delivery techniques in order to achieve the best dose distribution in the patient body. Šagátová the two transverse planes.[2] There are several possibilities of matching these nonsymmetric beams to rotating gantries.[3,4,5] In this paper, the emphasis is paid to a technique based on a special matching section called the rotator It has been reinvented by the PIMMS group[6] at CERN (Proton Ion Medical Machine Study) following its sketched version in the US Patent on a Multi-Station Proton Beam Therapy System.[7] Rotator matching is the most universal matching technique suitable for any gantry type and any incoming beam. This made it possible to shorten the rotator length, which may be an important point especially for compact hospital-based ion-therapy facilities
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