Rotational symmetric solar system shaped triple band perfect metamaterial absorber for S-, C-, and X-band application

Abstract

This article offers a metamaterial absorber of solar system shaped design for S-, C-, and X-band using a simple and symmetric structure. This innovative structure consists of two split ring resonator (SRRs) and two circular shape metal strips with a metal disc in the center. The ground metallic layer and upper patches are disjoint by flame retardant dielectric FR-4 (lossy) material of thickness 1.6 mm. Copper (annealed) of depth 0.035 mm is used for the all patches as well as the ground layer. The electrical dimension of the unit cell is 0.1006 λ × 0.1006λ which is calculated at the lower frequency 3.02 GHz. Computer simulation technique (CST) microwave studio is used to derive the numerical results. The simulation result yields three resonance peaks at 3.02, 5.71 and 8.36 GHz with the absorption 99.86%, 97.58% and 97.46%, respectively. The electric field, magnetic field and the surface current distribution are studied to comprehend the absorption mechanism. The reflection coefficient (S11) is also investigated by advanced design system (ADS) electrical equivalent circuit. This unique design of metamaterial absorber (MMA) unit cell is finalized through some parametric studies. The simulated results are also validated by ADS with electrical equivalent circuit and different array orientation. Unit cell, 1 × 2, 2 × 2 and 4 × 4 array of the unit cell are fabricated for measurement purposes. The measurement is carried out with the help of programmable network access (PNA) of Agilent N5227 with waveguide ports. The S-, C-, and X-band are mainly used for satellite communication and radar system. S-band is used for the shipping, aviation and space industries for its efficiency as a conduit for supplying vital real-time data whereas, C band is used for many wireless communication like satellite transmissions, Wi-Fi devices, mobile communication and weather forecasting system. X band is a radar sub-band which is utilized in civil, military, weather monitoring, air traffic control, maritime vessel traffic control, defense tracking.