Rotational properties of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates in double-well potential

Abstract

We investigate the impact of interplay between the contact interaction and the dipole-dipole interaction on the rotational properties of dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate, rotating in an axially confined double-well potential. The dynamics is governed by a quasi-two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation with phenomenological dissipation and non-local dipole-dipole interaction integral. In the present study, we consider using three different dipolar atoms namely 52Cr, 168Er and 164Dy with increasing order of dipole-dipole interaction strength respectively. From our numerical simulation, we see, at the critical frequency, the vortex core starts to emerge from the peripheries of the BEC. Further, we observe that the critical frequency of vortex nucleation decreases with an increase of dipole-dipole interaction strength and contact interaction strength and these interactions also enhance the number of vortices. We also find that the increase in average angular momentum per atom with rotational frequency suddenly shifts from linear to non-linear progression after attaining the critical rotational frequency. From the results obtained in the present study, it is quite clear that dipole-dipole interaction and contact interaction compliments with each other, has a considerable influence on the rotational properties of dipolar BECs.