Abstract

Abstract Snow and ice on roads often lead to increased rolling resistance that makes roads less accessible and less attractive for cyclists. Introducing a minimum requirement for rolling resistance...

Highlights

  • During the winter, cycleways are often covered with snow, ice, ruts, and irregularities, which leads to increased rolling resistance (Blaisdell 1981; Lidström 1979; Shoop 2001; van Es 1999)

  • In Norway, politicians have decided that all increases in passenger traffic in urban areas should be covered by public transportation, walking, and cycling

  • The wind tunnel testing showed that the handlebar-mounted air velocity sensor measured the headwind air velocities in the wind tunnel from 0 to 13.5 m/s with a standard error of the mean (SEM) of 0.28 m/s ± 0.07

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Summary

Introduction

Cycleways are often covered with snow, ice, ruts, and irregularities, which leads to increased rolling resistance (Blaisdell 1981; Lidström 1979; Shoop 2001; van Es 1999). This makes cycling less efficient and less comfortable (Descornet 1990; Hölzel et al 2012). The goal is to reach a level of bicycle use of 20% (Lunke and Grue 2018). An increase in the level of bicycle transportation during the winter is needed, and the barriers to winter cycling must be reduced

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