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Abstract
This study investigated roles of serum ST2, IL‐33 and BNP in predicting major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Blood samples were collected from the included AMI patients (n = 180) who underwent PCI. All patients were divided into the MACEs and MACEs‐free groups. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was performed to measure serum levels of ST2, IL‐33 and BNP. Severity of coronary artery lesion was evaluated by Gensini score. Pearson correlation analysis was used. A receiver operating characteristics curve was drawn to evaluate the potential roles of ST2, IL‐33 and BNP in predicting MACEs, and Kaplan–Meier curve to analyse the 1‐year overall survival rate. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyse the independent risk factors for MACEs. Compared with the MACEs‐free group, the serum levels of ST2, IL‐33 and BNP were significantly higher in the MACEs group. Serum levels of ST2, IL‐33 and BNP were positively correlated with each other and positively correlated with Gensini score. The area under curves of ST2, IL‐33 and BNP, respectively, were 0.872, 0.675 and 0.902. The relative sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 76.27% and 85.92%, 69.49% and 58.68%, as well as, 96.61% and 77.69%. Serum levels of ST2, IL‐33 and BNP were independent risk factors for MACEs. The 1‐year overall survival rate was higher in AMI patients with lower serum levels of ST2, IL‐33 and BNP. In conclusion, serum levels of ST2, IL‐33 and BNP have potential value in predicting MACEs in AMI patients undergoing PCI.
Highlights
acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the most common and dangerous cardiac emergency with high mortality worldwide, which is commonly known as a heart attack occurring when blood stops flowing to a portion of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle due to not receiving enough oxygen [1,2,3]
Statistical analysis revealed that the occurrence of post-operative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) had no correlations with age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hypertension history, diabetes mellitus history, smoking history, heart rate, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), TC, TG, LDC-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), troponin I and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), while it had correlations with the Gensini score at admission and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)
MACEs refer to complications occurring in AMI patients after operation, among which cardiogenic shock is related with a high mortality rate; a great deal of early treatments is under investigation to avoid or minimize MACEs [25, 26]
Summary
AMI is the most common and dangerous cardiac emergency with high mortality worldwide, which is commonly known as a heart attack occurring when blood stops flowing to a portion of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle due to not receiving enough oxygen [1,2,3]. With the speedup of ageing population, the incidence of AMI has been increasing in recent years and has been an important cause of heart failure [3,4,5]. Thrombolytic therapy and primary or rescue PCI are known to be effective in the management of AMI [6]. PCI is reported to be safe and can help to restore blood flow [7]. Developing novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for AMI is essential
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