Abstract
BackgroundFor scavenging reactive oxygen species, plant possess effective system that protect them from destructive oxidative reaction. Parts of this system as osmoprotectants and antioxidative enzymes are key elements in the defense mechanisms. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of foliar treatment of trehalose (Tre) with different concentrations (0, 0.1 mM, or 0.5 mM) in improving antioxidant defense system of quinoa plant under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions.ResultsDrought stress caused significant increases in some osmoprotectants as glucose, trehalose, TSS, free amino acids, and proline. Meanwhile, trehalose foliar treatment with different concentrations significantly decreases in free amino acids and proline contents. More accumulation of the tested organic solutes of leaves (glucose, sucrose, trehalose, TSS) of the trehalose-treated plant in both normal irrigated and drought-stressed quinoa plants as compared with the corresponding controls. Treating quinoa plants with trehalose resulted in significant decrease in lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide contents, and LOX activity in normal irrigated and drought-stressed plants. These decreases correlated with significant increases in total phenolic contents as compared with untreated control. Different concentrations of trehalose resulted in significant increases in antioxidant enzymes. Maximum increase antioxidant enzymes were observed by treating plants Tre at 0.5 mM either under normal irrigation or drought conditions.ConclusionIt could be concluded that foliar spray of trehalose was effective in improving quinoa performance by reducing hydrogen peroxide free radical and by enhancing antioxidant compounds (phenolics), compatible osmolytes, membrane stability, and antioxidant enzymes.
Highlights
Quinoa as a newly introduced food crop can replenish part of food gap
Trehalose foliar treatment consisted of three levels of trehalose namely 0 mM, 0.1 mM, and 0.5 mM considered as Tre0, Tre1, and Tre2 respectively
Plant samples were taken after 75 days from sowing for estimation of some biochemical parameters in leaves of plant such as carbohydrate constituents, proline, total free amino acid, phenolic contents, as well as hydrogen
Summary
Quinoa as a newly introduced food crop can replenish part of food gap. It is considered as a multipurpose crop, and seeds can be utilized for human food, in flour products, and in animal feedstock because of its high nutritive value (Bhargava et al 2007). The reduction of photosynthetic efficiency and stomatal conductance, RuBisCo activity inhibition, and energy balance disruption and distribution during photosynthesis (Demirevska et al 2010) cause increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under water deficient stress (Hasanuzzaman et al 2014). Plants have evolved protective mechanisms to perceive and respond rapidly to the adverse environmental cues (Demirevska et al 2010) These metabolic adaptations that improve plant tolerance to osmotic or water stress involve an increased synthesis of osmoprotectants as free amino acids, proline, and soluble sugars. For scavenging reactive oxygen species, plant possess effective system that protect them from destructive oxidative reaction Parts of this system as osmoprotectants and antioxidative enzymes are key elements in the defense mechanisms. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the potential of foliar treatment of trehalose (Tre) with different concentrations (0, 0.1 mM, or 0.5 mM) in improving antioxidant defense system of quinoa plant under normal irrigation and drought stress conditions
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