Abstract
BackgroundSalinity stress is one of the most serious abiotic stress affecting adversely plant growth, various metabolic processes, and crop production. Using different osmoprotectants such as trehalose in alleviating salinity stress adverse effects is very important for plant production. So, the present study investigated the physiological role of trehalose (Tre) in improving wheat tolerance to oxidative stress induced by salt stress.ResultsSalinity stress (6.25 dS/m) caused marked significant decreases in wheat plant growth parameters (shoot height, fresh, and dry weights of the shoot) accompanied by significant increases in lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide contents, and lipoxygenase enzyme (LOX) activity. Osmoprotectant compounds such as glucose, sucrose, trehalose, total soluble sugars (TSS), free amino acids, and proline increased in wheat plants irrigated with saline water compared with unstressed control plant. On the other hand, Tre foliar treatments (10 mM and 50 mM) proved to be effective in enhancing growth parameters and more accumulation of the tested organic solutes of leaves (glucose, sucrose, trehalose, and TSS) of salinity-stressed plants. Meanwhile, trehalose treatments with different levels caused significant decreases in lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide contents, and LOX activity in normally irrigated and salinity-stressed plants. These decreases correlated with significant increases in total phenolic contents as compared with untreated control.ConclusionIt could be concluded that foliar spray of trehalose was effective in improving wheat performance by reducing hydrogen peroxide free radical and by enhancing antioxidant compounds (phenolics), compatible osmolytes, and membrane stability.
Highlights
In Egypt, Triticum aestivum L., wheat plant is the most important strategic food crop, while in the world it is the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice, while in respect to the dietary intake, it is currently considered the second to rice as the main food crop
Our results of reduced salinity stress effect on growth parameters of wheat plant are in harmony with Bakhoum and Sadak (2016), Elewa et al (2017), and Dawood et al (2019); they stated that growth parameters of sunflower, quinoa, and sunflower plants decreased with salinity and drought stress and attributed these reductions to the metabolic disorders induced by stress and generation of excess ROS
These reductions in growth parameters might be referred to the effect of high osmotic stress and ion toxicity (Hasanuzzaman et al 2013) or due to altered cell wall structure induced by stress (Sweet et al 1990)
Summary
In Egypt, Triticum aestivum L., wheat plant is the most important strategic food crop, while in the world it is the third most-produced cereal after maize and rice, while in respect to the dietary intake, it is currently considered the second to rice as the main food crop. Irrigation of crops with diluted seawater plays an important role in saving freshwater resources and can be used successfully to grow crops under certain conditions (Zeid 2011). Irrigation of plants with saline water increased salt concentrations in soil and affect adversely on plant growth and crop yield (Sobhanian et al 2010). Salinity stress is one of the most serious abiotic stress affecting adversely plant growth, various metabolic processes, and crop production. Using different osmoprotectants such as trehalose in alleviating salinity stress adverse effects is very important for plant production. The present study investigated the physiological role of trehalose (Tre) in improving wheat tolerance to oxidative stress induced by salt stress
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