Role of Toxplasma gondii serology in patients with habitual abortions

Abstract

ObjectiveTo study the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant females with history of habitual abortions. MethodsThe study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Antenatal Clinic and Gynaecology, OPD of Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College and Hospital from February 2011 to September 2012. A total of 400 patients presented with history of multiple spontaneous abortions. On basis of history and clinical examination, 48 patients are classified as high risk group for toxoplasmosis. Serum specimens were subjected to IgG ELISA, IgM ELISA and Enzywell Toxoplasma IgG avidity ELISA test. ResultsMost of the patients were in the age group of 20-30 years. About 78.2% of females were from rural background. History of contact with cats was present in 56.5% of patients. About 91.3% of patients were non-vegetarian. Maximum number of patients with positive results in all the three serological tests had 2 spontaneous abortions. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis in pregnant females with history of habitual abortions were found to be 47.9%. IgM was positive in 35.4% while 16.6% of the patients had low IgG avidity antibodies indicating acute infection. ConclusionsRegular serological screening early in pregnancy will allow recognition of maternal infection and prompt treatment.