Role of small heterodimer partner in lipid homeostasis and its potential as a therapeutic target for obesity

Abstract

the NRs or inhibition of their interaction with other coactivators or their DNA response ele‐ ments. SHP has been shown to interact with approximately half of all mammalian nuclear receptors, including TR‐β, RAR‐α, PPAR‐α, PPAR‐γ, LXR‐α, LXR‐β, FXR, PXR/SXR, CAR, HNF‐4α, HNF6, RXR‐β, ER‐α, ER‐β, ERR‐α, ERR‐β, ERR‐γ, GR, AR, NGFI‐B, SF‐1 and LRH‐1 [11]. SHP also interacts with other transcriptional coregulators, such as EID1, mSin3A, HDAC1–5, BAF155, Brm, G9a, SMRT, N‐COR, RNAPol II, TFIID, TFIIE, CBP, SRC‐1, SMILE, SMAD3, ARNT, SIRT1 and RNF31 [11–16]. Thus, SHP targets multiple genes in diverse signaling pathways, enabling it to regulate multiple biological processes, including bile salt, lipid and glucose metabolism, obesity and so on.