Role of renal sonography in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Background: CKD will be diagnosed by changes of renal function markers in the urine and blood, Pathological abnormalities and imaging investigations. Best imaging technique is ultrasound, which is non-invasiveness, easy accessibility and visualization of the kidney and provide sufficient anatomical details without exposing radiation and contrast. It is provide information regarding extent of renal damage and the possibility of reversibility and decision to perform renal biopsy. Methods: Sixty CKD patients are included in this study. In all the participants Serum creatinine are blood urea are estimated. In all the participants, the mean values of both the kidneys renal longitudinal size, parenchymal thickness, and cortical thickness were calculated. Renal cortical echogenicity was compared and graded with the echogenicity of the liver and renal medulla, and graded as Grade 0 to Grade 4. Results: the renal cortical echogenicity grading based on ultrasound 25 patients had Grade 1, 20 patients had Grade 2, 10 patients had Grade 3 and 5 patients had Grade 4. Mean serum creatinine was significant among echogenicity grades. Mean longitudinal size was significant among echogenicity grades with ANOVA F-Value= 25.5373 (p< 0.001). Mean Parenchymal thickness was significant among echogenicity grades with ANOVA F-Value= 4.8535 (p< 0.001). Mean Cortical thickness was significant among echogenicity grades (p< 0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that there is a decreased longitudinal size, parenchymal thickness and cortical thickness along with increased echogenicity grades. Using of ultrasonography is a cost effective, noninvasive, easy and reproducible. Early detection of ultrasonography abnormalities assists in the reducing progression deleterious effects.