Abstract
Quercetin is the most abundant flavonoid and one of the most important antioxidant of plant origin. The aim of the review was to describe quercetin and its role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Articles were searched from internet databases using the following search words; quercetin, oxidative stress, quercetin and liver disease, quercetin and kidney disease, quercetin and hyperglycemia. The articles that met the selection criteria were used to describe quercetin and its role in the prevention and treatment of different diseases. The result showed that flavonoids are generally found at higher concentrations in outer layers of fruits and vegetables, onion has more quercetin than blackcurrants, broccoli, black grapes and apple. Quercetin and quercetin rich diets are used in the treatment and prevention of hyperglycemia, cardiovascular and kidney diseases, liver damage and nervous system disorders. In conclusion, quercetin is a naturally occurring flavonoid, more abundant in fruits and vegetables and are used in the treatment and prevention of many diseases.
Highlights
Quercetin (3,3’,4’,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a flavonol, one of the six subclasses of flavonoid compounds, it is insoluble in cold water, poorly soluble in hot water but quite soluble in alcohol and lipids (Kelly, 2011)
reactive oxygen species (ROS) are major sources of primary catalysts that initiate in vivo and in vitro oxidation and create oxidative stress which results in numerous diseases such as cancer (Kinnula and Crapo, 2004), Alzheimer’s disease (Smith et al, 2000) Parkinson’s disease (Bolton et al, 2000), alcohol induced liver disease (Arteel, 2003) and diabetes (Rajeshkumar, 2010)
Articles were searched from the Directory of Open Access Journals, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus using key words such as quercetin, oxidative stress, quercetin and liver disease, quercetin and kidney disease, quercetin and diabetes, quercetin and cardiovascular disease, quercetin and nervous system injury
Summary
Quercetin (3,3’,4’,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a flavonol, one of the six subclasses of flavonoid compounds, it is insoluble in cold water, poorly soluble in hot water but quite soluble in alcohol and lipids (Kelly, 2011). Quercetin is the most abundant flavonoid, widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom and one of the most important antioxidant of plant origin (Crozier et al, 2009; Brüll et al, 2015). They occur naturally in fruits and vegetables including apples, berries, grapes, onions, brassica vegetables, shallots, tea and tomatoes (Kelly, 2011). Sci. http://revista.rebibio.net the generations of reactive oxygen species/free radicals and endogenous antioxidant systems. Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are formed under normal physiological conditions but become deleterious when not eliminated by the endogenous systems. Oxidative stress causes inadvertent enzyme activation and oxidative damage to cellular system (Wiseman and Halliwell, 1996)
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