Abstract
Plant breeding has been made a crucial role for food and agriculture by studying and focusing on utilization of genetic diversity of plants adaptability and survival when their environments changes. Plant breeding efforts to help producers overcome the enormous challenges posed by climate change through the creation of new seed varieties with improved genetics from germplasm exhibiting stress tolerance. This field play decisive role in advancing crop varieties and hybrids to become more productive, high in quality, better adapted to a biotic and biotic stresses, as well as producing plants that can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by increasing nitrogen and CO2 input-use efficiency. However, global temperatures rising, human population, absence of urgent institute measures, limit application of new methods, lack of resources, training and capabilities, more frequent and severe drought and flooding, along with increased pressure from insects and disease, will be agriculture’s biggest challenge. On the other hand, there is great opportunities to over-come earlier mentioned problems. For instance, advances in technology have put many more tools into breeders’ hands. Technologies like molecular markers and bioinformatics and other techniques are expediting the process of analyzing and assessing traits. Keywords: Plant breeding, Climate change, Food and Agriculture DOI: 10.7176/JEES/11-1-01 Publication date: January 31 st 2021
Highlights
Plant breeding for food and agriculture play a crucial role in food security, nutrition and lively hoods and in the provision of environmental services
Plant breeding efforts to help producers overcome the enormous challenges posed by climate change through the creation of new seed varieties with improved genetics from germplasm exhibiting stress tolerance
Efforts of Plant breeding have been to help producers overcome the enormous challenges posed by climate change through the creation of new seed varieties with improved genetics from germplasm exhibiting stress tolerance
Summary
Plant breeding for food and agriculture play a crucial role in food security, nutrition and lively hoods and in the provision of environmental services They are key components of sustainability, resilience and adaptability in production systems. The importance of the plant breeding and Genetic resources, for food and agriculture have received little attention in the UNFCCC process. Plant breeding efforts to help producers overcome the enormous challenges posed by climate change through the creation of new seed varieties with improved genetics from germplasm exhibiting stress tolerance. It’s expected that breeding techniques will continue to play a role in advancing crop varieties and hybrids better adapted to a biotic and biotic stresses, as well as producing plants that can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by increasing nitrogen and CO2 input-use efficiency. This review paper highlights some on review the state of knowledge on the impact of climate change on plant breeding for food and agriculture and to discuss the potential roles of plant breeding technology tools in adaptation to and mitigation of climate change to identifying future research areas to solve production problems with in adequate knowledge of role of plant breeding technologies with in changing environments that are dwindling at an alarming rate in our world
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