Abstract
Acute renal failure is defined as rapid loss of renal function and has been associated with a high mortality rate. Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury of the kidney is the most prominent cause of intrinsic acute renal failure. Activation of reactive oxygen species is implicated in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study investigated the anti-ischemic effect of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of Ocimum canum (OC) against renal I/R injury by its effect on reactive oxygen species. Wistar albino rats were administered different doses of hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of Ocimum canum (OC) before renal ischemia, followed by reperfusion for 24 hours. Serum creatinine, Serum Cystatin C, serum oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured for renal dysfunction. Serum and tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were measured. Renal sections were analyzed for histological grading of renal injury. Hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of Ocimum canum (OC) significantly reduced increased creatinine, Cystatin C, serum oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Ocimum canum also increased kidney superoxide dismutase activity, catalase and reduced glutathione levels and reduced the malondialdehyde levels. Hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of Ocimum canum reduced histological renal damage. These results suggest that the hydro-alcoholic leaf extract of Ocimum canum reduces renal dysfunction and injury caused by renal I/R.
Highlights
Acute renal failure (ARF) is defined as a rapid loss in renal function
The experiments were conducted in accordance with the Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision on Experiments on Animals guidelines11. 2.2 Ocimum canum hydro-alcoholic leaf extract: Leaves of Ocimum canum were collected in the month of December 2011 from its natural habitat from nearby Mohuda village, Berhampur, Ganjam district of Odisha
Renal function was assessed by serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration, cystatin C and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels 2.8 Determination of serum oxaloacetate and pyruvate transaminases (SGOT & SGPT): Serum GOT and GPT were determined by the method of Reitman and Frankel, 12
Summary
Acute renal failure (ARF) is defined as a rapid loss in renal function. Traditionally, the mortality rate of people with intrinsic acute renal failure is quite high and this report has not improved over the past several decades. Renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is the most prominent cause of intrinsic acute renal failure, a primary contributor in delayed graft function, allograft nephropathy and posttransplant hypertension in transplant patients. Ocimum canum leaf extract has been reported to be a potent free radical scavenger and an antioxidant. Ocimum canum has significant antioxidant properties and can partly prevent the consequences of ethanol-induced toxicity and to some extent reverse the consequences of ethanol toxicity[10]. Based on these reports, the present study was designed to determine the possible protective effect of Ocimum canum leaves against oxidative stress during I/R injury of the kidney, by determining biochemical parameters and histological examination. The present study investigated the possible therapeutic effects of Ocimum canum hydro-alcoholic leaf extracts on renal I/R injury in rats
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