Abstract
Microorganisms play key roles in the oxidation-reduction and assimilation-dissimilation steps of the sulfur cycle in nature. A substantial amount of information is available concerning the forms of sulfur in natural systems (ZoBell, 1963; Freney, 1967; Richmond, 1973; Williams, 1975) and the microbially mediated transformations of sulfur within the pedosphere and hydrosphere, the two major natural sites of microbial activity (Starkey, 1956; ZoBell, 1958, 1963, 1973; Postgate, 1959; Wood, 1965; Kelley, 1968; Roy and Trudinger, 1970; Rheinheimer, 1972, 1974; Freney and Swaby, 1975; Siegel, 1975; Trudinger, 1975; Weir, 1975). Very little is known, however, about the forms and amounts of volatile sulfur released to the atmosphere through microbial activity in the pedosphere or hydrosphere. The purpose of this chapter is to review current information relating to production of volatile sulfur compounds by terrestrial and aquatic microorganisms and the role of these microorganisms in the atmospheric sulfur cycle.
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