Abstract
Peptic ulcers are described as acid-induced lesions found in the stomach and duodenum caused bythe imbalance between the defending factors of the mucosa and the attacking factors such ashydrochloric acid in gastric juice, with Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs NSAIDs. They exhibit seasonal patterns in their occurrence, with higheroccurrence in winter and spring and a low occurrence in summer. Temperature plays a major role intheir occurrence, some of which have resulted in increased morbidity in some number of diseases,such as gastrointestinal bleeding, caused by an increase in air pressure, dry air (relative humidity)occurring from cold air, and also its actions on the protective effect helicobacter pylori in the humanbody. Their actions excite the adrenal gland marrow and the sympathetic nerve, causing rapidsecretion of adrenaline and non-adrenaline, angiotensin II and endothelin, resulting in damage tothe mucosa epithelial, caused by the contraction effect of the adrenal agents on the duodenalmucosa and blood vessel. It causes low expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR),Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 70, Occludin, Nitric Oxide Synthase(NOS), in the gastric mucosa, in extremely cold temperature than those in extremely hottemperature, increasing the gastric acid secretion in extremely cold temperature than in extremelyhot temperature. Therefore, this review aims to give general insight into the role of low temperaturein peptic ulcer development and further consideration in the treatment of peptic ulcer diseases.
Highlights
Peptic ulcers are described as acid-induced lesions found in the stomach and duodenum caused by the imbalance between the defending factors of the mucosa and the attacking factors such as hydrochloric acid in gastric juice, with Helicobacter Pylori
Peptic ulcers are described as acid-induced lesions found in the stomach and duodenum, characterized by denuded mucosa with its defect extending into the sub-mucosa or muscularis propria, [1]
The major ones are Duodenal Ulcer (DU) and Gastric Ulcer (GU), [2]. This is due to the imbalance between the defending factors of the mucosa and the attacking factors such as hydrochloric acid in gastric juice [3]
Summary
Peptic ulcers are described as acid-induced lesions found in the stomach and duodenum, characterized by denuded mucosa with its defect extending into the sub-mucosa or muscularis propria, [1]. These diseases tend to share a common pathway of acidpepsin pathogenesis, [2]. Ulcerations in the gastro-duodenal tract are seen as defects of the mucosal lining resulting from the epithelial cell damaged brought into play by caustic agents such as acid and pepsin, [5] These caustic agents prevail over the defensive mechanisms of the gastroduodenal mucosa, observing from a pathophysiological standpoint, [6]. They are not classified as a single entity, rather they are group according to their lesion site, i.e., stomach or duodenum, and presence or absence of complications, i.e., hemorrhage or perforation,[7]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
