Abstract
[Purpose]Myogenic progenitors play a critical role in injury-induced myofiber regeneration. The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of oleate and L-carnitine on the overall behavior of proliferating myogenic progenitors (myoblasts) and its link to the mitochondrial biogenic process.[Methods]C2C12 myoblasts were cultured either with no treatment, oleate, L-carnitine, or their mixture. Proliferating myoblasts were investigated under a phase-contrast microscope. Myonuclei and myosin heavy chain were stained with DAPI and MF20 antibody, respectively, in differentiated myotubes and visualized under florescence microscopy. Mitochondrial biogenic markers and porin were assessed by qRT-PCR or immunoblotting.[Results]Increased proliferation rate was observed in myoblasts conditioned with oleate or a mixture of oleate and L-carnitine in contrast to that in non-treated (NT) and L-carnitine-treated myoblasts. Myoblast viability was not statistically different among all tested groups. Fusion index and myotube width were greater in oleate- or L-carnitine-conditioned myotubes than those in NT myotubes, with the greatest effect seen in myotubes conditioned with the mixture. The gene expressions of Pgc1-α, Nrf1, and Tfam were the greatest in myotubes conditioned with the mixture, whereas the level of Ncor1 expression was lower compared to those of the other groups. Protein level of porin was the greatest in myotubes conditioned with the mixture, followed by that of individually treated myotubes with oleate and L-carnitine.[Conclusion]These results provide a critical piece of cellular evidence that combined treatment of oleate and L-carnitine could serve as a potential therapeutic strategy to facilitate biological activation of myogenic progenitors.
Highlights
It has been well documented that the skeletal muscle, the largest tissue of the body, has potential to regenerate injured myofibers[1]
Recent evidence implied that pericytes and interstitial cells outside the basal lamina possess a certain level of myogenic potency[4], there is consensus that skeletal muscle regeneration is primarily modulated by the activities of myogenic progenitors called satellite cells underneath the basal lamina, which is intimately juxtaposed to sarcolemma[5]
To investigate whether L-carnitine and oleate have effects on cell proliferation and viability, myoblasts were incubated at 37°C for 48 h until the assay
Summary
It has been well documented that the skeletal muscle, the largest tissue of the body, has potential to regenerate injured myofibers[1]. In the initial phase of muscle regeneration, the cellular digestion of fragmented myofibers occurs, which is followed by complete removal of cellular debris. This process is significantly coupled with a skeletal muscle inflammatory response[6]. Monocyte-derived macrophages secrete chemotactic signaling molecules, followed by the migration of satellite cells to the sites of microscopic injury in damaged skeletal myofibers[7], suggesting a potent role of myogenic progenitors in complete muscle regeneration
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
