Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of chronic liver disease, and its incidence is increasing year by year. Many efforts have been made to investigate the pathogenesis of this disease. Since 1998 when Marshall proposed the conception of “gut-liver axis,” more and more researchers have paid close attention to the role of gut barrier function in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. The four aspects of gut barrier function, including physical, chemical, biological, and immunological barriers, are interrelated closely and related to NAFLD. In this paper, we present a summary of research findings on the relationship between gut barrier dysfunction and the development of NAFLD, aiming at illustrating the role of gut barrier function in the pathogenesis of this disease.
Highlights
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of chronic liver disease, and its incidence is increasing year by year
We present a summary of research findings on the relationship between gut barrier dysfunction and the development of NAFLD, aiming at illustrating the role of gut barrier function in the pathogenesis of this disease
When the permeability of physical barrier is increased, LPS will rush into portal system and induce the progress of NAFLD
Summary
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common forms of chronic liver disease throughout the world It is characterized by liver damage similar to that caused by alcohol but occurs in individuals that do not consume toxic quantities of alcohol. It includes a spectrum of liver diseases extending from simple fatty liver through nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma [1,2,3]. The “multiple parallel hits hypothesis” of NAFLD has attracted wide attention from researchers In this hypothesis, a number of diverse parallel processes including adipose tissue-derived signals, gut barrier function, genetic factors, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and related signaling networks might contribute to the evolution of NAFLD. Since 1998 when Marshall proposed the conception of “gut-liver axis,” combining gut and liver together, more and more researchers have paid close attention to the role of gut barrier function in the pathogenesis of NAFLD
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