“ROLE OF FNAC IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SALIVARY GLAND LESION”

Abstract

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been used for diagnosis of salivary gland lesions for many years. Various studies in the existing literature have shown a wide range of sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of cytologic diagnosis. FNAC is a safe, simple, cost effective, 1-4 accurate and minimal invasive procedure for the evaluation of salivary gland lesions. FNAC is not only useful in planning denitive preoperative 2,5-6 diagnosis but also can prevent unnecessary surgical intervention. Salivary gland swelling occur more commonly in 3rd decade of life with equal sex incidence. Parotid is one of the most commonly involved glands in the head & neck region swellings. FNAC appears to be highly sensitive for benign tumours and highly specic for malignant tumors and it should be the rst line of investigation in evaluating the salivary gland pathologies. 7 Early diagnosis and appropriate management carries good prognosis. Methods: Patients with suspected salivary gland enlargements, referred for FNAC, were included in this study. FNAC was performed by using the standard procedure. Cytologic diagnosis was compared with histopathologic diagnosis wherever it was available. Results: In the present study conducted in the department of pathology, Shyam Shah Medical College Rewa MP, over a period of 5 years, 152 Patients with suspected salivary gland enlargements were retrospectively appraised. The benign lesions of salivary gland were 133 (87.5%), out of which Pleomorphic adenoma was diagnosed in 75 (56.39%) cases, clinical correlation was found in 58 (77.33%) cases. 29 cases were subsequently correlated with histopathological examination 26 correctly correlated and the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was found to be 89.65%. Inammatory lesions were proved correct in 08 out of 10 cases after histopathology. Therefore, accuracy of FNAC was 80.0%. Malignant lesions of salivary gland were found in 19 cases, out of which 15 (78.94%) cases correlated with clinical diagnosis. 13 cases were subjected to histopathology 10 correctly correlated and the diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was found to be 76.92%. Overall diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was 84.61%. Conclusion:In conclusions it can be established that FNAC is an efcient and accurate procedure with high sensitivity index, and its usefulness is enhanced due to it being a relatively easy procedure which can be carried out even on outdoor patients.